Apartheid effects on the South African Apartheid

 When the Afrikaner -backed National Party came to power in South Africa in 1948, it implemented its campaign promises in the form of high apartheid. This allowed the National Party to enact such legislation as the Population Registration Act, which enforced classification into four racial categories: white, colored, Asiatic.

The next high apartheid landmark was the group Areas Act of 1950, this act enforced, the separate areas of residence by race across the country. It would be this act that eventually led to promotion of Bantu Self- Government Act of 1959 that transferred Africans’ Political rights to this state, which allowed the South African government to treat natives as foreigners and allow them no political representation in the South African government.

The National Party government treated non-whites as second class citizens and in the case of African s to the “homelands” of Bantustans , the National Party was able to justify stripping away any basic right s Africans had in the country of South Africa . The international community refused to organize these homelands, and pressure eventually began to build from all sides to allow equal rights for all residents of South Africa.

In response to this oppression by the white minority government, the anti-apartheid struggle by South Africans began soon after the implementation of apartheid in 1948. The movement went global and was heavily influenced by the organizations and networks of South Africans that operated inside the nation.

Nelson Mandela, the first president in post-apartheid South Africa, believed the results from the anti-apartheid movement sanctions, was effective. On the side that believes the anti-apartheid movement had no discernable impact on the dismantling of apartheid is the former South African president, F.W. de Klerk. Eventually a negotiated peace was agreed upon and the first elect ions for all South Africans took place in 1994, resulting an electoral victory for the ANC (African National Congress). 

I am a second year at Daystar Univeristy , taking a major in Public Relations . I decided to take PR as my major for a couple of reasons .
To work on my shyness.
To work with the entertainment sector .
To be in my own office
I'd like to be a workaholic , i cant wait to graduate .

Roles of religion

1. Religion provides mental peace:

Human life is uncertain. He struggles for his survival amidst the uncertainties, insecurities and dangers, Some-times he feels helplessness. It is the religion which consoles and encourages him in all such time of crisis. Religion gives right shelter to him. He gets mental peace and emotional support. It encourages him to face his life and problems.

2. It inculcates social virtues:

Religion promotes the major social virtues like truth, honesty, non-violence, service, love, discipline etc. A follower of the religions internalizes these virtues and becomes disciplined citizen of the society.

3. Religion promotes social solidarity:

Religion gives rise to the spirit of brotherhood. Durkheim viewed that religion strengthens social solidarity. A.W. Geen also pointed out that religion has the supremely integration and verifying force in human society. It is true that common belief, common sentiment, common worship, participation in common rituals etc. are the significant cementing factors which strengthen unity and solidarity.

4. Religion converts the animal qualities to human qualities:

Religion inculcates the spirit of self-service. It demands that people should be charitable and benevolent. Through various religious experiences he forgets the worldly life and problems. This experience suppresses the animal desires and converts the animal qualities of man to human qualities.

5. Religion is an agent of socialization and social control:

Parsons viewed that religion is one of the most important agents of socialization and social control. It has significant role in organizing and directing social life. It helps in preserving social norms and strengthening social control. It socializes him individual and exercises control over both individual and group in various ways. As an informal means, religion regulates the activities of people in its own way. Organisation like temples, mosques, church, Gurudwaras etc. also control the behavior of the individuals at different level.

6. Religion promotes welfare:

Religion teaches to the people to serve the masses and promote their welfare. It gives message that "the service to humanity is service to God". For this reason, people spend money to feed poor and needy. Great religions like Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity etc. put emphasis on aim-giving to the poor and beggars. It developers the philanthropic attitude of the people and thereby injects the idea of mutual help and co-operation. With the influence of religious belief different religious organisations engage themselves in various welfare activities.

7. Religion gives recreation:

Religion plays a charming role in providing recreation to the people. Religious rites and festivals are more or less performed in every religion which gives relief to the people from mental exertion. Similarly religious lectures, bhajans, kirtans, musical concerts followed by the utterance of hymn etc. gives much more pleasure to the people and provides eternal recreation.

8. Religion influences economy:

Sociologists like Sombart and Max Weber rightly established the relationship of religion with economic system. Weber observed the influence of Protestant ethics in the development of capitalism. Sombart found this spirit of capitalism in Jewish norms. For the distinct religious principles present in Christianity, capitalism grew in protestant countries but not in the country like India, Pakistan etc.

9. Religious influences political system:

Religion has played a significant role in political system in the ancient and medical society. Even in modern times in many countries of the world the religion directly and indirectly also influences political activities. During ancient and medieval period, the monarchs were treating themselves as the representatives of the God or ruling the society in the name of God. Even today, Political leaders take oath in the name of God. The political system of the countries of the world like Bhutan, Pakistan, Italy, Germany, England etc. are influenced by religion.

10. Religion Strengthens Self-confidence:

Religion is an effective means to strengthen self-confidence. There are certain beliefs like 'work is worship', 'duty is divine', 'result in predestined' etc. which is found in various religions gives strength to the individual and promotes self confidence.